Practice of Functioning of the Land Market in European Countries

Abstract

Land issues have always been acute. States around the world have been gradually reforming the land sector. At the present stage, European countries are actively contributing to the development of the land market. The purpose of the scientific article: to determine the legal and economic aspects of the land market in European countries of the functioning of the land market in European countries, study of the impact of the land market on the economic stability of European countries, identify the factors influencing the development of the land market in Europe. To achieve the purpose outlined, were used the following methods: statistical analysis and comparison, historical retrospective, element-theoretical method, analysis, generalization and analogy. It has been established that there are four types of land market in European countries. In the countries of European Union two types of land market dominate, namely: a fully open market and an open market for foreigners. The closed market for foreigners operates only in Croatia. A comprehensive analysis of economic aspects of the land market, reflected in the share of gross profit of the agro-industrial complex in GDP, agricultural land prices and other indicators, proves the causal link between them, the type of land market, investment and economic development in general. The factors influencing the formation of the land market have been revealed, namely: historical, mentality and established traditions of the people, economic development of the country, the share of the agricultural complex in the state's activities, and the functional purpose of the land. The main ways to improve the regulation of the land market have been proposed, namely: attracting investors, improving infrastructure, creating favorable conditions for the development of national farming, introducing innovative technologies for land cultivation, preserving the environment, fighting corruption, removing shadow business, informatization of the land market.